ABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to determine the performance of latex agglutination test (LAT) for evaluating children acute gastroenteritis by rotavirus. The LAT showed good sensitivity, as well as specificity and predictive positive value and due to its simplicity and speed, it has been suitable for rotavirus diagnosis in hospital laboratories.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o desempenho do teste de aglutinação em látex (TAL), no diagnóstico das gastroenterites agudas em crianças, causadas por rotavírus. O TAL mostrou boa sensibilidade, especificidade e valor preditivo positivo e devido à sua simplicidade e rapidez, o teste é apropriado para uso em hospitais para o diagnóstico de rotaviroses.
Subject(s)
Child , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Gastroenteritis , In Vitro Techniques , Rotavirus , Latex Fixation Tests , Methods , Sampling StudiesABSTRACT
Rotavirus is a major cause of infantile acute diarrhea, causing about 440,000 deaths per year, mainly in developing countries. The World Health Organization has been recommending the assessment of rotavirus burden and strain characterization as part of the strategies of immunization programs against this pathogen. In this context, a prospective study was made on a sample of 134 children with acute diarrhea and severe dehydration admitted to venous fluid therapy in two state hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from February to September 2004. Rotavirus where detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and by an enzyme-linked immunoassay to rotavirus and adenovirus (EIARA) in 48 percent of the children. Positive samples for group A rotavirus (n = 65) were analyzed by reverse transcription/heminested multiplex polymerase chain reaction to determine the frequency of G and [P] genotypes and, from these, 64 samples could be typed. The most frequent G genotype was G1 (58 percent) followed by G9 (40 percent). One mixed infection (G1/G9) was detected. The only [P] genotype identified was [8]. In order to estimate the rotavirus infection frequency in children who acquired diarrhea as hospital infection in those hospitals, we studied 24 patients, detecting the pathogen in 41 percent of them. This data suggest that genotype G9 is an important genotype in Rio de Janeiro, with implications to the future strategies of vaccination against rotavirus, reinforcing the need of continuous monitoring of circulating strains of the pathogen, in a surveillance context.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Gastroenteritis/virology , Hospitalization , Rotavirus Infections/virology , Rotavirus/genetics , Acute Disease , Brazil , Feces/virology , Genotype , Prospective Studies , RNA, Viral/isolation & purification , Rotavirus/classification , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Análise do conteúdo intestinal de galinhas por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (EGPA) revelou perfis eletroforéticos característicos de vírus previamente descritos com genomas de ácido ribonucléico de fita dupla bisegmentado (picobirnavirus ou PBV) em 13,21% e de um novo vírus com genoma trisegmentado (picotrinavirus ou PTV) em 1,32% das 227 amostras do intestino grosso, e a presença dos dois vírus em 4,40% das amostras. O potencial patogênico destes vírus näo foi investigado e as possibilidades de que sejam originários dos portadores aviários ou de microorganismos entéricos permanecem em dúvida